views.py

import hashlib
import json
import os
import random
import requests
import shutil
import string
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET


from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib import messages
from django.db import transaction
from django.http import Http404, HttpResponse
from django.utils import timezone
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView
from django.views.generic.edit import UpdateView
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render, redirect

from .constants import STATUS_DRAFT
from .exceptions import PaperNumberingError
from .helpers import paper_nr_string, issue_doi_label_from_doi_label
from .models import Journal, Issue, Publication, Deposit, DOAJDeposit,\
                    GenericDOIDeposit, PublicationAuthorsTable
from .forms import FundingInfoForm, InitiatePublicationForm, ValidatePublicationForm,\
                   UnregisteredAuthorForm, CreateMetadataXMLForm, CitationListBibitemsForm,\
                   ReferenceFormSet, CreateMetadataDOAJForm, DraftPublicationForm,\
                   PublicationGrantsForm, DraftPublicationApprovalForm
from .utils import JournalUtils

from comments.models import Comment
from funders.forms import FunderSelectForm, GrantSelectForm
from funders.models import Funder, Grant
from submissions.models import Submission, Report
from scipost.forms import ConfirmationForm
from scipost.models import Contributor
from scipost.mixins import PermissionsMixin
from production.constants import PROOFS_PUBLISHED
from production.models import ProductionEvent
from production.signals import notify_stream_status_change

from guardian.decorators import permission_required


############
# Journals
############

def journals(request):
    '''Main landing page for Journals application.'''
    context = {'journals': Journal.objects.order_by('name')}
    return render(request, 'journals/journals.html', context)


def landing_page(request, doi_label):
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)

    current_issue = Issue.objects.published(
        in_volume__in_journal=journal,
        start_date__lte=timezone.now(),
        until_date__gte=timezone.now()).order_by('-until_date').first()
    latest_issue = Issue.objects.published(
        in_volume__in_journal=journal,
        until_date__lte=timezone.now()).order_by('-until_date').first()

    prev_issue = None
    if current_issue:
        prev_issue = (Issue.objects.published(in_volume__in_journal=journal,
                                              start_date__lt=current_issue.start_date)
                                   .order_by('start_date').last())

    context = {
        'current_issue': current_issue,
        'latest_issue': latest_issue,
        'prev_issue': prev_issue,
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_landing_page.html', context)


def issues(request, doi_label):
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)

    issues = Issue.objects.published(in_volume__in_journal=journal).order_by('-until_date')
    context = {
        'issues': issues,
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_issues.html', context)


def recent(request, doi_label):
    """
    Display page for the most recent 20 publications in SciPost Physics.
    """
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    recent_papers = Publication.objects.published().filter(
        in_issue__in_volume__in_journal=journal).order_by('-publication_date',
                                                          '-paper_nr')[:20]
    context = {
        'recent_papers': recent_papers,
        'journal': journal,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_recent.html', context)


def accepted(request, doi_label):
    """
    Display page for submissions to SciPost Physics which
    have been accepted but are not yet published.
    """
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    accepted_SP_submissions = (Submission.objects.accepted()
                               .filter(submitted_to_journal=journal.name)
                               .order_by('-latest_activity'))
    context = {
        'accepted_SP_submissions': accepted_SP_submissions,
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_accepted.html', context)


def info_for_authors(request, doi_label):
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    context = {
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/%s_info_for_authors.html' % doi_label, context)


def about(request, doi_label):
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    context = {
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/%s_about.html' % doi_label, context)


def issue_detail(request, doi_label):
    issue = Issue.objects.get_published(doi_label=doi_label)
    journal = issue.in_volume.in_journal

    papers = issue.publication_set.order_by('paper_nr')
    next_issue = (Issue.objects.published(in_volume__in_journal=journal,
                                          start_date__gt=issue.start_date)
                               .order_by('start_date').first())
    prev_issue = (Issue.objects.published(in_volume__in_journal=journal,
                                          start_date__lt=issue.start_date)
                               .order_by('start_date').last())
    context = {
        'issue': issue,
        'prev_issue': prev_issue,
        'next_issue': next_issue,
        'papers': papers,
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_issue_detail.html', context)


#######################
# Publication process #
#######################
class PublicationGrantsView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Add/update grants associated to a Publication.
    """
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    form_class = PublicationGrantsForm
    template_name = 'journals/grants_form.html'


class PublicationGrantsRemovalView(PermissionsMixin, DetailView):
    """
    Remove grant associated to a Publication.
    """
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        super().get(request, *args, **kwargs)
        grant = get_object_or_404(Grant, id=kwargs.get('grant_id'))
        self.object.grants.remove(grant)
        return redirect(reverse('journals:update_grants', args=(self.object.doi_label,)))


class DraftPublicationUpdateView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Any Production Officer or Administrator can draft a new publication without publishing here.
    The actual publishing is done lin a later stadium, after the draft has been finished.
    """
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_url_kwarg = 'arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr'
    slug_field = 'accepted_submission__arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr'
    form_class = DraftPublicationForm

    def get_object(self, queryset=None):
        try:
            publication = Publication.objects.get(
                accepted_submission__arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr=self.kwargs.get(
                    'arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr'))
        except Publication.DoesNotExist:
            if Submission.objects.accepted().filter(arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr=self.kwargs.get(
              'arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr')).exists():
                return None
            raise Http404('No accepted Submission found')
        if publication.status == STATUS_DRAFT:
            return publication
        raise Http404('Found Publication is not in draft')

    def get_form_kwargs(self):
        kwargs = super().get_form_kwargs()
        kwargs['arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr'] = self.kwargs.get('arxiv_identifier_w_vn_nr')
        kwargs['issue_id'] = self.request.GET.get('issue')
        return kwargs


class DraftPublicationApprovalView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    form_class = DraftPublicationApprovalForm
    template_name = 'journals/publication_approval_form.html'


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def initiate_publication(request):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    Publish the manuscript after proofs have been accepted.
    This method prefills a ValidatePublicationForm for further
    processing (verification in validate_publication method).
    """
    initiate_publication_form = InitiatePublicationForm(request.POST or None)
    if initiate_publication_form.is_valid():
        submission = initiate_publication_form.cleaned_data['accepted_submission']
        current_issue = initiate_publication_form.cleaned_data['to_be_issued_in']

        # Determine next available paper number:
        paper_nr = Publication.objects.filter(in_issue__in_volume=current_issue.in_volume).count()
        paper_nr += 1
        if paper_nr > 999:
            raise PaperNumberingError(paper_nr)

        # Build form data
        doi_label = (
            current_issue.in_volume.in_journal.name
            + '.' + str(current_issue.in_volume.number)
            + '.' + str(current_issue.number) + '.' + paper_nr_string(paper_nr)
        )
        doi_string = '10.21468/' + doi_label
        BiBTeX_entry = (
            '@Article{' + doi_label + ',\n'
            '\ttitle={{' + submission.title + '}},\n'
            '\tauthor={' + submission.author_list.replace(',', ' and') + '},\n'
            '\tjournal={'
            + current_issue.in_volume.in_journal.get_abbreviation_citation()
            + '},\n'
            '\tvolume={' + str(current_issue.in_volume.number) + '},\n'
            '\tissue={' + str(current_issue.number) + '},\n'
            '\tpages={' + paper_nr_string(paper_nr) + '},\n'
            '\tyear={' + current_issue.until_date.strftime('%Y') + '},\n'
            '\tpublisher={SciPost},\n'
            '\tdoi={' + doi_string + '},\n'
            '\turl={https://scipost.org/' + doi_string + '},\n'
            '}\n'
        )
        initial = {
            'accepted_submission': submission,
            'in_issue': current_issue,
            'paper_nr': paper_nr,
            'discipline': submission.discipline,
            'domain': submission.domain,
            'subject_area': submission.subject_area,
            'secondary_areas': submission.secondary_areas,
            'title': submission.title,
            'author_list': submission.author_list,
            'abstract': submission.abstract,
            'BiBTeX_entry': BiBTeX_entry,
            'doi_label': doi_label,
            'acceptance_date': submission.acceptance_date,
            'submission_date': submission.submission_date,
            'publication_date': timezone.now(),
        }
        validate_publication_form = ValidatePublicationForm(initial=initial)
        context = {'validate_publication_form': validate_publication_form}
        return render(request, 'journals/validate_publication.html', context)

    context = {'initiate_publication_form': initiate_publication_form}
    return render(request, 'journals/initiate_publication.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def validate_publication(request):
    """
    This creates a Publication instance from the ValidatePublicationForm,
    pre-filled by the initiate_publication method above.
    """
    # TODO: move from uploads to Journal folder
    # TODO: create metadata
    # TODO: set DOI, register with Crossref
    # TODO: add funding info
    context = {}
    validate_publication_form = ValidatePublicationForm(request.POST or None,
                                                        request.FILES or None)
    if validate_publication_form.is_valid():
        publication = validate_publication_form.save()

        # Fill remaining data
        submission = publication.accepted_submission

        for submission_author in submission.authors.all():
            PublicationAuthorsTable.objects.create(
                publication=publication, contributor=submission_author)
        publication.authors_claims.add(*submission.authors_claims.all())
        publication.authors_false_claims.add(*submission.authors_false_claims.all())

        # Add Institutions to the publication
        for author in publication.authors_registered.all():
            for current_affiliation in author.affiliations.active():
                publication.institutions.add(current_affiliation.institution)

        # Save the beast
        publication.save()

        # Move file to final location
        initial_path = publication.pdf_file.path
        new_dir = (settings.MEDIA_ROOT + publication.in_issue.path + '/'
                   + publication.get_paper_nr())
        new_path = new_dir + '/' + publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_') + '.pdf'
        os.makedirs(new_dir)
        os.rename(initial_path, new_path)
        publication.pdf_file.name = new_path
        publication.save()

        # Mark the submission as having been published:
        submission.published_as = publication
        submission.status = 'published'
        submission.save()

        # Update ProductionStream
        if hasattr(submission, 'production_stream'):
            stream = submission.production_stream
            stream.status = PROOFS_PUBLISHED
            stream.save()
            if request.user.production_user:
                prodevent = ProductionEvent(
                    stream=stream,
                    event='status',
                    comments=' published the manuscript.',
                    noted_by=request.user.production_user
                )
                prodevent.save()
            notify_stream_status_change(request.user, stream, False)

        # TODO: Create a Commentary Page
        # Email authors
        JournalUtils.load({'publication': publication})
        JournalUtils.send_authors_paper_published_email()

        # Add SubmissionEvents
        submission.add_general_event('The Submission has been published as %s.'
                                     % publication.doi_label)

        messages.success(request, 'The publication has been validated.')
        return redirect(publication.get_absolute_url())
    else:
        context['errormessage'] = 'The form was invalid.'

    context['validate_publication_form'] = validate_publication_form
    return render(request, 'journals/validate_publication.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def manage_metadata(request, issue_doi_label=None, doi_label=None):
    issues = Issue.objects.all().order_by('-until_date')
    publications = Publication.objects.all()
    if doi_label:
        issue_doi_label = issue_doi_label_from_doi_label(doi_label)
    if issue_doi_label:
        publications = publications.filter(in_issue__doi_label=issue_doi_label)
    publications = publications.order_by('-publication_date', '-paper_nr')
    associate_grant_form = GrantSelectForm()
    associate_generic_funder_form = FunderSelectForm()
    context = {
        'issues': issues,
        'issue_doi_label': issue_doi_label,
        'publications': publications,
        'associate_grant_form': associate_grant_form,
        'associate_generic_funder_form': associate_generic_funder_form,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/manage_metadata.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def mark_first_author(request, publication_id, author_object_id):
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, id=publication_id)
    author_object = get_object_or_404(publication.authors, id=author_object_id)

    # Redo ordering
    author_object.order = 1
    author_object.save()
    author_objects = publication.authors.exclude(id=author_object.id)
    count = 2
    for author in author_objects:
        author.order = count
        author.save()
        count += 1
    messages.success(request, 'Marked {} first author'.format(author_object))
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_author(request, doi_label, contributor_id=None, unregistered_author_id=None):
    """
    If not all authors are registered Contributors or if they have not
    all claimed authorship, this method allows editorial administrators
    to associated them to the publication.
    This is important for the Crossref metadata, in which all authors must appear.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    if contributor_id:
        contributor = get_object_or_404(Contributor, id=contributor_id)
        PublicationAuthorsTable.objects.create(contributor=contributor, publication=publication)
        publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Added {} as an author.'.format(contributor))
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))

    contributors_found = None
    form = UnregisteredAuthorForm(request.POST or request.GET or None)

    if request.POST and form.is_valid():
        unregistered_author = form.save()
        PublicationAuthorsTable.objects.create(
            publication=publication,
            unregistered_author=unregistered_author)
        messages.success(request, 'Added {} as an unregistered author.'.format(
            unregistered_author
        ))
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))
    elif form.is_valid():
        contributors_found = Contributor.objects.filter(
            user__last_name__icontains=form.cleaned_data['last_name'])
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'contributors_found': contributors_found,
        'form': form,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/add_author.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def create_citation_list_metadata(request, doi_label):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    This populates the citation_list dictionary entry
    in the metadata field in a Publication instance.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    bibitems_form = CitationListBibitemsForm(request.POST or None, request.FILES or None)
    if bibitems_form.is_valid():
        publication.metadata['citation_list'] = bibitems_form.extract_dois()
        publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Updated citation list')
        return redirect(reverse('journals:create_citation_list_metadata',
                        kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'bibitems_form': bibitems_form,
        'citation_list': publication.metadata.get('citation_list', '')
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/create_citation_list_metadata.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def update_references(request, doi_label):
    """
    Update the References for a certain Publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    references = publication.references.all()

    formset = ReferenceFormSet(request.POST or None, queryset=references, publication=publication,
                               extra=request.GET.get('extra'))

    if request.GET.get('prefill'):
        formset.prefill()

    if formset.is_valid():
        formset.save()
        messages.success(request, 'References saved')
        return redirect(publication.get_absolute_url())

    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'formset': formset,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/update_references.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def create_funding_info_metadata(request, doi_label):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    This populates the funding_info dictionary entry
    in the metadata field in a Publication instance.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)

    funding_statement = publication.metadata.get('funding_statement', '')
    initial = {
        'funding_statement': funding_statement,
    }
    form = FundingInfoForm(request.POST or None, instance=publication, initial=initial)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Updated funding info')
        return redirect(reverse('journals:create_funding_info_metadata',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))

    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'funding_info_form': form,
        'funding_statement': funding_statement,
    }

    return render(request, 'journals/create_funding_info_metadata.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_associated_grant(request, doi_label):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    This associates a grant from the database to this publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    grant_select_form = GrantSelectForm(request.POST or None)
    if grant_select_form.is_valid():
        publication.grants.add(grant_select_form.cleaned_data['grant'])
        publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Grant added to publication %s' % str(publication))
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_generic_funder(request, doi_label):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    This associates a funder (generic, not via grant) from the database to this publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    funder_select_form = FunderSelectForm(request.POST or None)
    if funder_select_form.is_valid():
        publication.funders_generic.add(funder_select_form.cleaned_data['funder'])
        publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Generic funder added to publication %s' % str(publication))
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def create_metadata_xml(request, doi_label):
    """
    To be called by an EdAdmin after the citation_list,
    funding_info entries have been filled.
    Populates the metadata_xml field of a Publication instance.
    The contents can then be sent to Crossref for registration.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)

    # create a doi_batch_id
    salt = ""
    for i in range(5):
        salt = salt + random.choice(string.ascii_letters)
    salt = salt.encode('utf8')
    idsalt = publication.title[:10]
    idsalt = idsalt.encode('utf8')
    doi_batch_id = hashlib.sha1(salt+idsalt).hexdigest()

    initial = {'metadata_xml': ''}
    initial['metadata_xml'] += (
        '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n'
        '<doi_batch version="4.4.0" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" '
        'xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" '
        'xmlns:fr="http://www.crossref.org/fundref.xsd" '
        'xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0 '
        'http://www.crossref.org/shema/deposit/crossref4.4.0.xsd" '
        'xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd">\n'
        '<head>\n'
        '<doi_batch_id>' + str(doi_batch_id) + '</doi_batch_id>\n'
        '<timestamp>' + timezone.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S') + '</timestamp>\n'
        '<depositor>\n'
        '<depositor_name>scipost</depositor_name>\n'
        '<email_address>' + settings.CROSSREF_DEPOSIT_EMAIL + '</email_address>\n'
        '</depositor>\n'
        '<registrant>scipost</registrant>\n'
        '</head>\n'
        '<body>\n'
        '<journal>\n'
        '<journal_metadata>\n'
        '<full_title>' + publication.in_issue.in_volume.in_journal.get_name_display()
        + '</full_title>\n'
        '<abbrev_title>'
        + publication.in_issue.in_volume.in_journal.get_abbreviation_citation() +
        '</abbrev_title>\n'
        '<issn media_type=\'electronic\'>' + publication.in_issue.in_volume.in_journal.issn
        + '</issn>\n'
        '<doi_data>\n'
        '<doi>' + publication.in_issue.in_volume.in_journal.doi_string + '</doi>\n'
        '<resource>https://scipost.org/'
        + publication.in_issue.in_volume.in_journal.doi_string + '</resource>\n'
        '</doi_data>\n'
        '</journal_metadata>\n'
        '<journal_issue>\n'
        '<publication_date media_type=\'online\'>\n'
        '<year>' + publication.publication_date.strftime('%Y') + '</year>\n'
        '</publication_date>\n'
        '<journal_volume>\n'
        '<volume>' + str(publication.in_issue.in_volume.number) + '</volume>\n'
        '</journal_volume>\n'
        '<issue>' + str(publication.in_issue.number) + '</issue>\n'
        '</journal_issue>\n'
        '<journal_article publication_type=\'full_text\'>\n'
        '<titles><title>' + publication.title + '</title></titles>\n'
    )

    # Precondition: all authors MUST be listed in authors field of publication instance,
    # this to be checked by EdAdmin before publishing.
    initial['metadata_xml'] += '<contributors>\n'
    for author_object in publication.authors.all():
        if author_object.order == 1:
            initial['metadata_xml'] += (
                '<person_name sequence=\'first\' contributor_role=\'author\'> '
                '<given_name>' + author_object.first_name + '</given_name> '
                '<surname>' + author_object.last_name + '</surname> '
            )
        else:
            initial['metadata_xml'] += (
                '<person_name sequence=\'additional\' contributor_role=\'author\'> '
                '<given_name>' + author_object.first_name + '</given_name> '
                '<surname>' + author_object.last_name + '</surname> '
            )
        if author_object.contributor and author_object.contributor.orcid_id:
            initial['metadata_xml'] += (
                '<ORCID>http://orcid.org/' + author_object.contributor.orcid_id + '</ORCID>'
            )
        initial['metadata_xml'] += '</person_name>\n'
    initial['metadata_xml'] += '</contributors>\n'

    initial['metadata_xml'] += (
        '<publication_date media_type=\'online\'>\n'
        '<month>' + publication.publication_date.strftime('%m') + '</month>'
        '<day>' + publication.publication_date.strftime('%d') + '</day>'
        '<year>' + publication.publication_date.strftime('%Y') + '</year>'
        '</publication_date>\n'
        '<publisher_item><item_number item_number_type="article_number">'
        + paper_nr_string(publication.paper_nr) +
        '</item_number></publisher_item>\n'
        '<crossmark>\n'
        '<crossmark_policy>10.21468/SciPost.CrossmarkPolicy</crossmark_policy>\n'
        '<crossmark_domains>\n'
        '<crossmark_domain><domain>scipost.org</domain></crossmark_domain>\n'
        '</crossmark_domains>\n'
        '<crossmark_domain_exclusive>false</crossmark_domain_exclusive>\n'
        )
    funders = (Funder.objects.filter(grant__in=publication.grants.all())
               | publication.funders_generic.all()).distinct()
    nr_funders = funders.count()
    initial['metadata_xml'] += '<custom_metadata>\n'
    if nr_funders > 0:
        initial['metadata_xml'] += '<fr:program name="fundref">\n'
        for funder in funders:
            if nr_funders > 1:
                initial['metadata_xml'] += '<fr:assertion name="fundgroup">\n'
            initial['metadata_xml'] += (
                '<fr:assertion name="funder_name">' + funder.name + '\n'
                '<fr:assertion name="funder_identifier">'
                + funder.identifier + '</fr:assertion>\n'
                '</fr:assertion>\n')
            for grant in publication.grants.all():
                if grant.funder == funder:
                    initial['metadata_xml'] += (
                        '<fr:assertion name="award_number">'
                        + grant.number + '</fr:assertion>\n')
            if nr_funders > 1:
                initial['metadata_xml'] += '</fr:assertion>\n'
        initial['metadata_xml'] += '</fr:program>\n'
    initial['metadata_xml'] += (
        '<ai:program name="AccessIndicators">\n'
        '<ai:license_ref>' + publication.get_cc_license_URI() +
        '</ai:license_ref>\n'
        '</ai:program>\n'
    )
    initial['metadata_xml'] += '</custom_metadata>\n'
    initial['metadata_xml'] += (
        '</crossmark>\n'
        '<archive_locations><archive name="CLOCKSS"></archive></archive_locations>\n'
        '<doi_data>\n'
        '<doi>' + publication.doi_string + '</doi>\n'
        '<resource>https://scipost.org/' + publication.doi_string + '</resource>\n'
        '<collection property="crawler-based">\n'
        '<item crawler="iParadigms">\n'
        '<resource>https://scipost.org/'
        + publication.doi_string + '/pdf</resource>\n'
        '</item></collection>\n'
        '<collection property="text-mining">\n'
        '<item><resource mime_type="application/pdf">'
        'https://scipost.org/' + publication.doi_string + '/pdf</resource></item>\n'
        '</collection>'
        '</doi_data>\n'
    )
    try:
        if publication.metadata['citation_list']:
            initial['metadata_xml'] += '<citation_list>\n'
            for ref in publication.metadata['citation_list']:
                initial['metadata_xml'] += (
                    '<citation key="' + ref['key'] + '">'
                    '<doi>' + ref['doi'] + '</doi>'
                    '</citation>\n'
                )
        initial['metadata_xml'] += '</citation_list>\n'
    except KeyError:
        pass
    initial['metadata_xml'] += (
        '</journal_article>\n'
        '</journal>\n'
    )
    initial['metadata_xml'] += '</body>\n</doi_batch>'

    create_metadata_xml_form = CreateMetadataXMLForm(request.POST or None,
                                                     instance=publication,
                                                     initial=initial)
    if create_metadata_xml_form.is_valid():
        create_metadata_xml_form.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Metadata XML saved')
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))

    publication.latest_metadata_update = timezone.now()
    publication.save()
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'create_metadata_xml_form': create_metadata_xml_form,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/create_metadata_xml.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def metadata_xml_deposit(request, doi_label, option='test'):
    """
    Crossref metadata deposit.
    If test==True, test the metadata_xml using the Crossref test server.
    Makes use of the python requests module.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)

    if publication.metadata_xml is None:
        messages.warning(
            request,
            'This publication has no metadata. Produce it first before saving it.')
        return redirect(reverse('journals:create_metadata_xml',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))

    timestamp = (publication.metadata_xml.partition(
        '<timestamp>'))[2].partition('</timestamp>')[0]
    doi_batch_id = (publication.metadata_xml.partition(
        '<doi_batch_id>'))[2].partition('</doi_batch_id>')[0]
    path = (settings.MEDIA_ROOT + publication.in_issue.path + '/'
            + publication.get_paper_nr() + '/' + publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_')
            + '_Crossref_' + timestamp + '.xml')

    valid = True
    response_headers = None
    response_text = None
    if os.path.isfile(path):
        # Deposit already done before.
        valid = False
    else:
        # New deposit, go for it.
        if option == 'deposit' and not settings.DEBUG:
            # CAUTION: Real deposit only on production (non-debug-mode)
            url = 'http://doi.crossref.org/servlet/deposit'
        else:
            url = 'http://test.crossref.org/servlet/deposit'

        # First perform the actual deposit to Crossref
        params = {
            'operation': 'doMDUpload',
            'login_id': settings.CROSSREF_LOGIN_ID,
            'login_passwd': settings.CROSSREF_LOGIN_PASSWORD,
            }
        files = {
            'fname': ('metadata.xml', publication.metadata_xml.encode('utf-8'), 'multipart/form-data')
        }
        r = requests.post(url, params=params, files=files)
        response_headers = r.headers
        response_text = r.text

        # Then create the associated Deposit object (saving the metadata to a file)
        if option == 'deposit':
            deposit = Deposit(publication=publication,
                              timestamp=timestamp,
                              doi_batch_id=doi_batch_id,
                              metadata_xml=publication.metadata_xml,
                              deposition_date=timezone.now())
            deposit.response_text = r.text

            # Save the filename with timestamp
            path_with_timestamp = '{issue}/{paper}/{doi}_Crossref_{timestamp}.xml'.format(
                issue=publication.in_issue.path,
                paper=publication.get_paper_nr(),
                doi=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'),
                timestamp=timestamp)
            f = open(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_with_timestamp, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
            f.write(publication.metadata_xml)
            f.close()

            # Copy file
            path_without_timestamp = '{issue}/{paper}/{doi}_Crossref.xml'.format(
                issue=publication.in_issue.path,
                paper=publication.get_paper_nr(),
                doi=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'))
            shutil.copyfile(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_with_timestamp,
                            settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_without_timestamp)

            deposit.metadata_xml_file = path_with_timestamp
            deposit.save()
            publication.latest_crossref_deposit = timezone.now()
            publication.save()

    context = {
        'option': option,
        'publication': publication,
        'response_headers': response_headers,
        'response_text': response_text,
        'valid': valid,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/metadata_xml_deposit.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def mark_deposit_success(request, deposit_id, success):
    deposit = get_object_or_404(Deposit, pk=deposit_id)
    if success == '1':
        deposit.deposit_successful = True
    elif success == '0':
        deposit.deposit_successful = False
    deposit.save()
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': deposit.publication.doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def produce_metadata_DOAJ(request, doi_label):
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    form = CreateMetadataDOAJForm(request.POST or None, instance=publication, request=request)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        messages.success(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Successfully produced metadata DOAJ.'
                                  % publication.doi_label)
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata'))
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'form': form
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/metadata_doaj_create.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def metadata_DOAJ_deposit(request, doi_label):
    """
    DOAJ metadata deposit.
    Makes use of the python requests module.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)

    if not publication.metadata_DOAJ:
        messages.warning(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Failed: please first produce '
                                  'DOAJ metadata before depositing.' % publication.doi_label)
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata'))

    timestamp = (publication.metadata_xml.partition(
        '<timestamp>'))[2].partition('</timestamp>')[0]
    path = (settings.MEDIA_ROOT + publication.in_issue.path + '/'
            + publication.get_paper_nr() + '/' + publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_')
            + '_DOAJ_' + timestamp + '.json')
    if os.path.isfile(path):
        errormessage = 'The metadata file for this metadata timestamp already exists'
        return render(request, 'scipost/error.html', context={'errormessage': errormessage})

    url = 'https://doaj.org/api/v1/articles'
    params = {
        'api_key': settings.DOAJ_API_KEY,
    }
    try:
        r = requests.post(url, params=params, json=publication.metadata_DOAJ)
        r.raise_for_status()
    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError:
        messages.warning(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Failed: Post went wrong, response text: %s' % (
            publication.doi_label, r.text))

    # Then create the associated Deposit object (saving the metadata to a file)
    deposit = DOAJDeposit(publication=publication, timestamp=timestamp,
                          metadata_DOAJ=publication.metadata_DOAJ, deposition_date=timezone.now())
    deposit.response_text = r.text

    # Save a copy to the filename with and without timestamp
    path_with_timestamp = '{issue}/{paper}/{doi}_DOAJ_{timestamp}.json'.format(
        issue=publication.in_issue.path,
        paper=publication.get_paper_nr(),
        doi=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'),
        timestamp=timestamp)
    f = open(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_with_timestamp, 'w')
    f.write(json.dumps(publication.metadata_DOAJ))
    f.close()

    # Copy file
    path_without_timestamp = '{issue}/{paper}/{doi}_DOAJ.json'.format(
        issue=publication.in_issue.path,
        paper=publication.get_paper_nr(),
        doi=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'))
    shutil.copyfile(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_with_timestamp,
                    settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_without_timestamp)

    # Save the database entry
    deposit.metadata_DOAJ_file = path_with_timestamp
    deposit.save()

    messages.success(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Successfull deposit of metadata DOAJ.'
                              % publication.doi_label)
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def mark_doaj_deposit_success(request, deposit_id, success):
    deposit = get_object_or_404(DOAJDeposit, pk=deposit_id)
    if success == '1':
        deposit.deposit_successful = True
    elif success == '0':
        deposit.deposit_successful = False
    deposit.save()
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                    kwargs={'doi_label': deposit.publication.doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def harvest_citedby_list(request):
    publications = Publication.objects.order_by('-publication_date')
    context = {
        'publications': publications
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/harvest_citedby_list.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def harvest_citedby_links(request, doi_label):
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    # create a doi_batch_id
    salt = ""
    for i in range(5):
        salt = salt + random.choice(string.ascii_letters)
    salt = salt.encode('utf8')
    idsalt = publication.title[:10]
    idsalt = idsalt.encode('utf8')
    doi_batch_id = hashlib.sha1(salt+idsalt).hexdigest()
    query_xml = ('<?xml version = "1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'
                 '<query_batch version="2.0" xmlns = "http://www.crossref.org/qschema/2.0"'
                 'xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"'
                 'xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/qschema/2.0 '
                 'http://www.crossref.org/qschema/crossref_query_input2.0.xsd">'
                 '<head>'
                 '<email_address>' + settings.CROSSREF_DEPOSIT_EMAIL + '</email_address>'
                 '<doi_batch_id>' + str(doi_batch_id) + '</doi_batch_id>'
                 '</head>'
                 '<body>'
                 '<fl_query alert="false">'
                 '<doi>' + publication.doi_string + '</doi>'