views.py

__copyright__ = "Copyright © Stichting SciPost (SciPost Foundation)"
__license__ = "AGPL v3"


import hashlib
import json
import os
import random
import string
import shutil
import requests


from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
from django.urls import reverse, reverse_lazy
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib import messages
from django.db import transaction
from django.db.models import Q
from django.http import Http404, HttpResponse
from django.utils import timezone
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.utils.html import format_html
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView, UpdateView
from django.views.generic.list import ListView
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, get_list_or_404, render, redirect

from dal import autocomplete

from .constants import STATUS_DRAFT, ISSUES_AND_VOLUMES, ISSUES_ONLY, INDIVIDUAL_PUBLICATIONS
from .exceptions import InvalidDOIError
from .models import (
    Journal, Volume, Issue, Publication, Deposit, DOAJDeposit, GenericDOIDeposit,
    PublicationAuthorsTable, OrgPubFraction)
from .forms import (
    AbstractJATSForm, FundingInfoForm, VolumeForm, IssueForm,
    AuthorsTableOrganizationSelectForm, CreateMetadataXMLForm, CitationListBibitemsForm,
    ReferenceFormSet, CreateMetadataDOAJForm, DraftPublicationForm, PublicationGrantsForm,
    DraftPublicationApprovalForm, PublicationPublishForm, PublicationAuthorOrderingFormSet,
    OrgPubFractionsFormSet)
from .mixins import PublicationMixin, ProdSupervisorPublicationPermissionMixin
from .services import update_citedby
from .utils import JournalUtils

from comments.models import Comment
from funders.forms import FunderSelectForm, GrantSelectForm
from funders.models import Grant
from mails.views import MailEditorSubview
from ontology.models import Topic
from ontology.forms import SelectTopicForm
from organizations.models import Organization
from profiles.forms import ProfileSelectForm
from submissions.constants import STATUS_PUBLISHED
from submissions.models import Submission, Report
from scipost.constants import SCIPOST_SUBJECT_AREAS
from scipost.forms import ConfirmationForm
from scipost.models import Contributor
from scipost.mixins import PermissionsMixin, RequestViewMixin, PaginationMixin

from guardian.decorators import permission_required


################
# Autocomplete #
################

class PublicationAutocompleteView(autocomplete.Select2QuerySetView):
    """
    View to feed the Select2 widget.
    """
    def get_queryset(self):
        qs = Publication.objects.published()
        if self.q:
            qs = qs.filter(Q(title__icontains=self.q) |
                           Q(doi_label__icontains=self.q) |
                           Q(author_list__icontains=self.q))
        return qs.order_by('-publication_date')

    def get_result_label(self, item):
        return format_html(
            '<strong>{}</strong><br>{}<br><span class="text-muted">by {}</span>',
            item.doi_label, item.title, item.author_list)


################
# DOI dispatch #
################

def doi_dispatch(request, journal_tag, part_1=None, part_2=None, part_3=None):
    """
    Dispatch given DOI route to the appropriate view according to the Journal's settings.

    journal_tag -- Part of the DOI right before the first period.
    part_1 (optional) -- Part of the DOI after the first period.
    part_2 (optional) -- Part of the DOI after the second period.
    part_3 (optional) -- Part of the DOI after the third period.
    """
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=journal_tag)
    if part_1 is None:
        # This DOI refers to a Journal landing page.
        return landing_page(request, journal_tag)
    elif part_2 is None:
        doi_label = '{0}.{1}'.format(journal_tag, part_1)

        if journal.structure == INDIVIDUAL_PUBLICATIONS:
            # Publication DOI for invidivual publication Journals.
            return publication_detail(request, doi_label)
        elif journal.structure == ISSUES_ONLY:
            # Issue DOI for Issue only Journals.
            return issue_detail(request, doi_label)

        # The third option: a `Issue and Volume Journal DOI` would lead to a "volume detail page",
        # but that does not exist. Redirect to the Journal landing page instead.
        return landing_page(request, journal_tag)
    elif part_3 is None:
        doi_label = '{0}.{1}.{2}'.format(journal_tag, part_1, part_2)

        if journal.structure == ISSUES_AND_VOLUMES:
            # Issue DOI for Issue+Volumes Journals.
            return issue_detail(request, doi_label)
        elif journal.structure == ISSUES_ONLY:
            # Publication DOI for Issue only Journals.
            return publication_detail(request, doi_label)
    else:
        doi_label = '{0}.{1}.{2}.{3}'.format(journal_tag, part_1, part_2, part_3)
        return publication_detail(request, doi_label)

    # Invalid db configure
    raise InvalidDOIError({
        'journal_tag': journal_tag,
        'part_1': part_1,
        'part_2': part_2,
        'part_3': part_3})


############
# Journals
############

class JournalListView(ListView):
    model = Journal

    def get_queryset(self):
        qs = super().get_queryset()
        if self.kwargs.get('discipline'):
            qs = qs.filter(discipline=self.kwargs.get('discipline'))
        return qs

    def get_context_data(self, *args, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(*args, **kwargs)
        discipline = self.kwargs.get('discipline')
        context['discipline'] = discipline
        return context


class PublicationListView(PaginationMixin, ListView):
    """
    Show Publications filtered per subject area.
    """
    queryset = Publication.objects.published()
    paginate_by = 10

    def get_queryset(self):
        qs = super().get_queryset()
        if self.request.GET.get('journal'):
            qs = qs.for_journal(self.request.GET['journal'])

        if self.request.GET.get('issue'):
            try:
                issue = int(self.request.GET['issue'])
            except ValueError:
                issue = None
            if issue:
                qs = qs.filter(in_issue__id=issue)
        if self.request.GET.get('subject'):
            qs = qs.for_subject(self.request.GET['subject'])

        if self.request.GET.get('orderby') == 'citations':
            qs = qs.order_by('-number_of_citations')
        else:
            qs = qs.order_by('-publication_date', '-paper_nr')
        return qs

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['recent_issues'] = Issue.objects.published().order_by('-start_date')[:5]
        context['subject_areas'] = (('', 'Show all'),) + SCIPOST_SUBJECT_AREAS[0][1]
        return context


def landing_page(request, doi_label):
    """Journal details page.

    The landing page of a Journal lists either the latest and the current issue of a Journal
    or paginates its individual Publications.
    """
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    accepted_submission_ids = [sub.id for sub in Submission.objects.accepted() \
                               if sub.editorial_decision.for_journal==journal]
    context = {
        'journal': journal,
        'most_cited': Publication.objects.for_journal(journal.name).published().most_cited(5),
        'latest_publications': Publication.objects.for_journal(journal.name).published()[:5],
        'accepted_submissions': Submission.objects.accepted().filter(
            pk__in=accepted_submission_ids).order_by('-latest_activity'),
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_landing_page.html', context)


class VolumesAdminListView(PermissionsMixin, PaginationMixin, ListView):
    """
    Admin: List all Volumes in the database.
    """
    model = Volume
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_manage_issues'
    paginate_by = 20


class VolumesAdminAddView(PermissionsMixin, CreateView):
    """
    Admin: Create new Volume.
    """
    model = Volume
    form_class = VolumeForm
    success_url = reverse_lazy('journals:admin_volumes_list')
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_manage_issues'


class VolumesAdminUpdateView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Admin: Update Volume instance.
    """
    model = Volume
    form_class = VolumeForm
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    success_url = reverse_lazy('journals:admin_volumes_list')
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_manage_issues'


class IssuesView(DetailView):
    """
    List all Issues sorted per Journal.
    """
    queryset = Journal.objects.has_issues()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    template_name = 'journals/journal_issues.html'


class IssuesAdminListView(PermissionsMixin, PaginationMixin, ListView):
    """
    Admin: List all Issues in the database.
    """
    model = Issue
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_manage_issues'
    paginate_by = 20


class IssuesAdminAddView(PermissionsMixin, CreateView):
    """
    Admin: Create new Issue.
    """
    model = Issue
    form_class = IssueForm
    success_url = reverse_lazy('journals:admin_issue_list')
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_manage_issues'


class IssuesAdminUpdateView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Admin: Update issue instance.
    """
    model = Issue
    form_class = IssueForm
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    success_url = reverse_lazy('journals:admin_issue_list')
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_manage_issues'


def authoring(request, doi_label=None):
    """Author information for a given Journal, or in general if no doi_label in given."""
    context = {}
    if doi_label:
        journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
        context = {'journal': journal}
    return render(request, 'journals/authoring.html', context)


def refereeing(request, doi_label=None):
    """Author information for a given Journal, or in general if no doi_label in given."""
    context = {}
    if doi_label:
        journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
        context = {'journal': journal}
    return render(request, 'journals/refereeing.html', context)


def redirect_to_about(request, doi_label):
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    return redirect(
        reverse('journal:about', kwargs={'doi_label': journal.doi_label}), permanent=True)


def about(request, doi_label):
    """Journal specific about page."""
    journal = get_object_or_404(Journal, doi_label=doi_label)
    context = {
        'subject_areas': SCIPOST_SUBJECT_AREAS,
        'journal': journal,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/about.html', context)


def issue_detail(request, doi_label):
    """Issue detail page."""
    issue = get_object_or_404(Issue.objects.open_or_published(), doi_label=doi_label)
    journal = issue.in_journal or issue.in_volume.in_journal

    papers = issue.publications.published().order_by('paper_nr')
    next_issue = Issue.objects.published().filter(start_date__gt=issue.start_date).filter(
        Q(in_volume__in_journal=journal) | Q(in_journal=journal),
        ).distinct().order_by('start_date').first()
    prev_issue = Issue.objects.published().filter(start_date__lt=issue.start_date).filter(
        Q(in_volume__in_journal=journal) | Q(in_journal=journal)
        ).distinct().order_by('start_date').last()

    context = {
        'issue': issue,
        'prev_issue': prev_issue,
        'next_issue': next_issue,
        'papers': papers,
        'journal': journal
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/journal_issue_detail.html', context)


#######################
# Publication process #
#######################
class PublicationGrantsView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    """Add/update grants associated to a Publication."""
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    form_class = PublicationGrantsForm
    template_name = 'journals/grants_form.html'


class PublicationGrantsRemovalView(PermissionsMixin, DetailView):
    """
    Remove grant associated to a Publication.
    """
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        super().get(request, *args, **kwargs)
        grant = get_object_or_404(Grant, id=kwargs.get('grant_id'))
        self.object.grants.remove(grant)
        return redirect(reverse('journals:update_grants', args=(self.object.doi_label,)))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', raise_exception=True)
def publication_authors_ordering(request, doi_label):
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    formset = PublicationAuthorOrderingFormSet(
        request.POST or None, queryset=publication.authors.order_by('order'))
    if formset.is_valid():
        formset.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Author ordering updated')
        return redirect(publication.get_absolute_url())
    context = {
        'formset': formset,
        'publication': publication,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/publication_authors_form.html', context)


class DraftPublicationUpdateView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Any Production Officer or Administrator can draft a new publication without publishing here.
    The actual publishing is done at a later stage, after the draft has been finished.
    """
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.unpublished()
    slug_url_kwarg = 'identifier_w_vn_nr'
    slug_field = 'accepted_submission__preprint__identifier_w_vn_nr'
    form_class = DraftPublicationForm
    template_name = 'journals/publication_form.html'

    def get_object(self, queryset=None):
        try:
            publication = Publication.objects.get(
                accepted_submission__preprint__identifier_w_vn_nr=self.kwargs.get(
                    'identifier_w_vn_nr'))
        except Publication.DoesNotExist:
            if Submission.objects.accepted().filter(preprint__identifier_w_vn_nr=self.kwargs.get(
              'identifier_w_vn_nr')).exists():
                return None
            raise Http404('No accepted Submission found')
        if publication.status == STATUS_DRAFT:
            return publication
        if self.request.user.has_perm('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission'):
            return publication
        raise Http404('Found Publication is not in draft')

    def get_form_kwargs(self):
        kwargs = super().get_form_kwargs()
        kwargs['identifier_w_vn_nr'] = self.kwargs.get('identifier_w_vn_nr')
        kwargs['issue_id'] = self.request.GET.get('issue')
        return kwargs


class DraftPublicationApprovalView(PermissionsMixin, UpdateView):
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    queryset = Publication.objects.drafts()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    form_class = DraftPublicationApprovalForm
    template_name = 'journals/publication_approval_form.html'


@method_decorator(transaction.atomic, name='dispatch')
class PublicationPublishView(PermissionsMixin, RequestViewMixin, UpdateView):
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission'
    queryset = Publication.objects.unpublished()
    slug_field = slug_url_kwarg = 'doi_label'
    form_class = PublicationPublishForm
    template_name = 'journals/publication_publish_form.html'


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def manage_metadata(request, doi_label=None):

    if doi_label:
        publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
        associate_grant_form = GrantSelectForm()
        associate_generic_funder_form = FunderSelectForm()
        context = {
            'publication': publication,
            'associate_grant_form': associate_grant_form,
            'associate_generic_funder_form': associate_generic_funder_form,
        }
        return render(request, 'journals/manage_metadata_for_publication.html', context)

    publications_list = Publication.objects.all()
    # Use Paginator to reduce request size.
    paginator = Paginator(publications_list, 20)
    page = request.GET.get('page')
    try:
        publications = paginator.page(page)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        # If page is not an integer, deliver first page.
        publications = paginator.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        # If page is out of range (e.g. 9999), deliver last page of results.
        publications = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)

    context = {
        'publications': publications,
        'page_obj': publications,
        'paginator': paginator,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/manage_metadata.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_draft_publication', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_author(request, doi_label):
    """
    Link authors (via their Profile) to a Publication.

    To be used for registered Contributors who have not claimed authorship,
    as well as for unregistered authors.

    This is important for the Crossref metadata, in which all authors must appear.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    if not publication.is_draft and not request.user.has_perm('can_publish_accepted_submission'):
        raise Http404('You do not have permission to edit this non-draft Publication')

    form = ProfileSelectForm(request.POST or None)
    if request.POST and form.is_valid():
        table, created = PublicationAuthorsTable.objects.get_or_create(
            publication=publication,
            profile=form.cleaned_data['profile'])
        if created:
            messages.success(request, 'Added {} as an author.'.format(table.profile))
        else:
            messages.warning(request, ('Author {} was already associated to this '
                                       'Publication.'.format(table.profile)))
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'form': form,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/add_author.html', context)


class AuthorAffiliationView(PublicationMixin, PermissionsMixin, DetailView):
    """
    Handle the author affiliations for a Publication.
    """
    permission_required = 'scipost.can_draft_publication'
    template_name = 'journals/author_affiliations.html'

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['add_affiliation_form'] = AuthorsTableOrganizationSelectForm()
        return context


@permission_required('scipost.can_draft_publication', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_affiliation(request, doi_label, pk):
    """
    Adds an affiliation to a PublicationAuthorsTable.
    """
    table = get_object_or_404(PublicationAuthorsTable, pk=pk)
    form = AuthorsTableOrganizationSelectForm(request.POST or None)
    if form.is_valid():
        table.affiliations.add(form.cleaned_data['organization'])
        table.save()
        return redirect(reverse('journals:author_affiliations',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))
    context = {'table': table, 'add_affiliation_form': form}
    return render(request, 'journals/author_affiliation_add.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_draft_publication', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def remove_affiliation(request, doi_label, pk, organization_id):
    """
    Remove an affiliation in a PublicationAuthorsTable.
    """
    table = get_object_or_404(PublicationAuthorsTable, pk=pk)
    org = get_object_or_404(Organization, pk=organization_id)
    table.affiliations.remove(org)
    table.save()
    return redirect(reverse('journals:author_affiliations',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_draft_publication', return_403=True)
def update_references(request, doi_label):
    """
    Update the References for a certain Publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    if not publication.is_draft and not request.user.has_perm('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission'):
        raise Http404('You do not have permission to edit this non-draft Publication')

    references = publication.references.all()
    formset = ReferenceFormSet(request.POST or None, queryset=references, publication=publication,
                               extra=request.GET.get('extra'))

    if request.GET.get('prefill'):
        formset.prefill()

    if formset.is_valid():
        formset.save()
        messages.success(request, 'References saved')
        return redirect(publication.get_absolute_url())

    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'formset': formset,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/update_references.html', context)


class CitationUpdateView(PublicationMixin, ProdSupervisorPublicationPermissionMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Populates the citation_list dictionary entry in the metadata field in a Publication instance.
    """
    form_class = CitationListBibitemsForm
    template_name = 'journals/create_citation_list_metadata.html'

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('journals:create_citation_list_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': self.object.doi_label})


class AbstractJATSUpdateView(PublicationMixin, ProdSupervisorPublicationPermissionMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Add or update the JATS version of the abstract.
    This should be produced separately using pandoc.
    """
    form_class = AbstractJATSForm
    template_name = 'journals/create_abstract_jats.html'

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': self.object.doi_label})


class FundingInfoView(PublicationMixin, ProdSupervisorPublicationPermissionMixin, UpdateView):
    """
    Add/update funding statement to the xml_metadata
    """
    form_class = FundingInfoForm
    template_name = 'journals/create_funding_info_metadata.html'

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': self.object.doi_label})


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_associated_grant(request, doi_label):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    This associates a grant from the database to this publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    grant_select_form = GrantSelectForm(request.POST or None)
    if grant_select_form.is_valid():
        publication.grants.add(grant_select_form.cleaned_data['grant'])
        publication.doideposit_needs_updating = True
        publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Grant added to publication %s' % str(publication))
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata', kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def add_generic_funder(request, doi_label):
    """
    Called by an Editorial Administrator.
    This associates a funder (generic, not via grant) from the database to this publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    funder_select_form = FunderSelectForm(request.POST or None)
    if funder_select_form.is_valid():
        publication.funders_generic.add(funder_select_form.cleaned_data['funder'])
        publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Generic funder added to publication %s' % str(publication))
    return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata', kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))


class CreateMetadataXMLView(PublicationMixin,
                            ProdSupervisorPublicationPermissionMixin,
                            UpdateView):
    """
    To be called by an EdAdmin (or Production Supervisor) after the authors,
    author ordering, affiliations, citation_list, funding_info
    entries have been filled. Populates the metadata_xml field of a Publication instance.
    The contents can then be sent to Crossref for registration.
    """
    form_class = CreateMetadataXMLForm
    template_name = 'journals/create_metadata_xml.html'

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('journals:manage_metadata',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': self.object.doi_label})


@permission_required('scipost.can_draft_publication', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def metadata_xml_deposit(request, doi_label, option='test'):
    """
    Crossref metadata deposit.
    If test==True, test the metadata_xml using the Crossref test server.
    Makes use of the python requests module.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    if not publication.is_draft and not request.user.has_perm('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission'):
        raise Http404('You do not have permission to access this non-draft Publication')
    if not request.user.has_perm('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission') and option != 'test':
        raise PermissionDenied('You do not have permission to do real Crossref deposits')

    if publication.metadata_xml is None:
        messages.warning(
            request,
            'This publication has no metadata. Produce it first before saving it.')
        return redirect(reverse('journals:create_metadata_xml',
                                kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))

    timestamp = publication.metadata_xml.partition(
        '<timestamp>')[2].partition('</timestamp>')[0]
    doi_batch_id = publication.metadata_xml.partition(
        '<doi_batch_id>')[2].partition('</doi_batch_id>')[0]

    # Find Crossref xml files
    path = ''
    if publication.in_issue:
        path += '{issue_path}/{paper_nr}/{doi_label}_Crossref'.format(
            issue_path=publication.in_issue.path,
            paper_nr=publication.get_paper_nr(),
            doi_label=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'))

    if publication.in_journal:
        path += 'SCIPOST_JOURNALS/{journal_name}/{paper_nr}/{doi_label}_Crossref'.format(
            journal_name=publication.in_journal.name,
            paper_nr=publication.get_paper_nr(),
            doi_label=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'))

    os.makedirs(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path, exist_ok=True)
    path_wo_timestamp = path + '.xml'
    path += '_{timestamp}.xml'.format(timestamp=timestamp)

    valid = True
    response_headers = None
    response_text = None
    if os.path.isfile(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path):
        # Deposit already done before.
        valid = False
    else:
        # New deposit, go for it.
        if option == 'deposit' and not settings.DEBUG:
            # CAUTION: Real deposit only on production!
            url = 'http://doi.crossref.org/servlet/deposit'
        else:
            url = 'http://test.crossref.org/servlet/deposit'

        # First perform the actual deposit to Crossref
        params = {
            'operation': 'doMDUpload',
            'login_id': settings.CROSSREF_LOGIN_ID,
            'login_passwd': settings.CROSSREF_LOGIN_PASSWORD,
            }
        files = {
            'fname': ('metadata.xml',
                      publication.metadata_xml.encode('utf-8'),
                      'multipart/form-data')
        }
        r = requests.post(url, params=params, files=files)
        response_headers = r.headers
        response_text = r.text

        # Then create the associated Deposit object (saving the metadata to a file)
        if option == 'deposit':
            deposit = Deposit(publication=publication,
                              timestamp=timestamp,
                              doi_batch_id=doi_batch_id,
                              metadata_xml=publication.metadata_xml,
                              deposition_date=timezone.now())
            deposit.response_text = r.text

            # Save the filename with timestamp
            f = open(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
            f.write(publication.metadata_xml)
            f.close()

            # Update Crossref timestamp-free file to latest deposit
            shutil.copyfile(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path,
                            settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_wo_timestamp)
            deposit.metadata_xml_file = path
            deposit.save()
            publication.latest_crossref_deposit = timezone.now()
            publication.save()

    context = {
        'option': option,
        'publication': publication,
        'response_headers': response_headers,
        'response_text': response_text,
        'valid': valid,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/metadata_xml_deposit.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def mark_deposit_success(request, deposit_id, success):
    deposit = get_object_or_404(Deposit, pk=deposit_id)
    if success == '1':
        deposit.deposit_successful = True
    elif success == '0':
        deposit.deposit_successful = False
    deposit.save()
    return redirect('journals:manage_metadata')


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def produce_metadata_DOAJ(request, doi_label):
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    form = CreateMetadataDOAJForm(request.POST or None, instance=publication, request=request)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        messages.success(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Successfully produced metadata DOAJ.'
                                  % publication.doi_label)
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata', kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'form': form
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/metadata_doaj_create.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def metadata_DOAJ_deposit(request, doi_label):
    """
    DOAJ metadata deposit.
    Makes use of the python requests module.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)

    if not publication.metadata_DOAJ:
        messages.warning(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Failed: please first produce '
                                  'DOAJ metadata before depositing.' % publication.doi_label)
        return redirect(reverse('journals:manage_metadata', kwargs={'doi_label': doi_label}))

    #timestamp = publication.metadata_xml.partition('<timestamp>')[2].partition('</timestamp>')[0]
    timestamp = timezone.now().strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')

    # Find DOAJ json files
    path = ''
    if publication.in_issue:
        path += '{issue_path}/{paper_nr}/{doi_label}_DOAJ'.format(
            issue_path=publication.in_issue.path,
            paper_nr=publication.get_paper_nr(),
            doi_label=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'))
    elif publication.in_journal:
        path += 'SCIPOST_JOURNALS/{journal_name}/{paper_nr}/{doi_label}_DOAJ'.format(
            journal_name=publication.in_journal.name,
            paper_nr=publication.get_paper_nr(),
            doi_label=publication.doi_label.replace('.', '_'))

    os.makedirs(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path, exist_ok=True)
    path_wo_timestamp = path + '.json'
    path += '_{timestamp}.json'.format(timestamp=timestamp)

    if os.path.isfile(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path):
        errormessage = 'The metadata file for this metadata timestamp already exists'
        return render(request, 'scipost/error.html', context={'errormessage': errormessage})

    url = 'https://doaj.org/api/v1/articles'
    params = {
        'api_key': settings.DOAJ_API_KEY,
    }
    try:
        r = requests.post(url, params=params, json=publication.metadata_DOAJ)
        r.raise_for_status()
    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError:
        messages.warning(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Failed: Post went wrong, response text: %s' % (
            publication.doi_label, r.text))

    # Then create the associated Deposit object (saving the metadata to a file)
    deposit = DOAJDeposit(publication=publication, timestamp=timestamp,
                          metadata_DOAJ=publication.metadata_DOAJ, deposition_date=timezone.now())
    deposit.response_text = r.text

    # Save a copy to the filename with and without timestamp
    f = open(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path, 'w')
    f.write(json.dumps(publication.metadata_DOAJ))
    f.close()

    # Copy file
    shutil.copyfile(settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path,
                    settings.MEDIA_ROOT + path_wo_timestamp)

    # Save the database entry
    deposit.metadata_DOAJ_file = path
    deposit.save()

    messages.success(request, '<h3>%s</h3>Successful deposit of metadata DOAJ.'
                              % publication.doi_label)
    return redirect('journals:manage_metadata')


@permission_required('scipost.can_manage_ontology', return_403=True)
def publication_add_topic(request, doi_label):
    """
    Add a predefined Topic to an existing Publication object.
    This also adds the Topic to all Submissions of this Publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    select_topic_form = SelectTopicForm(request.POST or None)
    if select_topic_form.is_valid():
        for topic in select_topic_form.cleaned_data['topic']:
            publication.topics.add(topic)
            for sub in publication.accepted_submission.thread:
                sub.topics.add(topic)
        messages.success(request, 'Successfully linked Topic(s) to this publication')
    return redirect(reverse('scipost:publication_detail',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))


@permission_required('scipost.can_manage_ontology', return_403=True)
def publication_remove_topic(request, doi_label, slug):
    """
    Remove the Topic from the Publication, and from all associated Submissions.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    topic = get_object_or_404(Topic, slug=slug)
    publication.topics.remove(topic)
    for sub in publication.accepted_submission.thread:
        sub.topics.remove(topic)
    messages.success(request, 'Successfully removed Topic')
    return redirect(reverse('scipost:publication_detail',
                            kwargs={'doi_label': publication.doi_label}))


@login_required
def allocate_orgpubfractions(request, doi_label):
    """
    Set the relative support obtained from Organizations
    for the research contained in a Publication.

    This view is accessible to EdAdmin as well as to the corresponding author
    of the Publication.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    if not request.user.is_authenticated:
        raise Http404
    elif not (request.user == publication.accepted_submission.submitted_by.user or
              request.user.has_perm('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission')):
        raise Http404

    # Create OrgPubFraction objects from existing organization links
    for org in publication.get_organizations():
        pubfrac, created = OrgPubFraction.objects.get_or_create(
            publication=publication, organization=org)

    formset = OrgPubFractionsFormSet(request.POST or None,
                                     queryset=publication.pubfractions.all())
    if formset.is_valid():
        formset.save()
        if request.user == publication.accepted_submission.submitted_by.user:
            publication.pubfractions_confirmed_by_authors = True
            publication.save()
        messages.success(request, 'Funding fractions successfully allocated.')
        return redirect(publication.get_absolute_url())
    context = {
        'publication': publication,
        'formset': formset,
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/allocate_orgpubfractions.html', context)


@login_required
@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def request_pubfrac_check(request, doi_label):
    """
    This view is used by EdAdmin to request confirmation of the OrgPubFractions
    for a given Publication.

    This occurs post-publication, after all the affiliations and funders have
    been confirmed.
    """
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    mail_request =  MailEditorSubview(
        request, 'authors/request_pubfrac_check', publication=publication)
    if mail_request.is_valid():
        messages.success(request, 'The corresponding author has been emailed.')
        mail_request.send_mail()
        return redirect('journals:manage_metadata')
    else:
        return mail_request.interrupt()


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def mark_doaj_deposit_success(request, deposit_id, success):
    deposit = get_object_or_404(DOAJDeposit, pk=deposit_id)
    if success == '1':
        deposit.deposit_successful = True
    elif success == '0':
        deposit.deposit_successful = False
    deposit.save()
    return redirect('journals:manage_metadata')


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
def harvest_citedby_list(request):
    publications = Publication.objects.order_by('-publication_date')
    context = {
        'publications': publications
    }
    return render(request, 'journals/harvest_citedby_list.html', context)


@permission_required('scipost.can_publish_accepted_submission', return_403=True)
@transaction.atomic
def harvest_citedby_links(request, doi_label):
    publication = get_object_or_404(Publication, doi_label=doi_label)
    update_citedby(doi_label)
    return render(request, 'journals/harvest_citedby_links.html', {'publication': publication})


@login_required
def sign_existing_report(request, report_id):
    """
    Allows the author of a Report, originally submitted anonymously,
    to sign the Report.
    """
    report = get_object_or_404(Report, pk=report_id)
    if report.author != request.user.contributor:
        errormessage = 'Only the author of this Report can change its anonymity status'
        return render(request, 'scipost/error.html', context={'errormessage': errormessage})
    form = ConfirmationForm(request.POST or None)
    if form.is_valid():
        if form.cleaned_data['confirm'] == 'True':
            report.anonymous = False
            report.doideposit_needs_updating = True